無畏的小喬萬尼&意大利童話
從前,有一個小伙子,天不怕地不怕,被人稱作無畏的小喬萬尼。他遊歷世界,有一次來到一家小店過夜。店主說:「這裡沒有空房了,不過,你要是不怕,我帶你去一幢樓住。」
「我為什麼要怕,沒有一個人能從哪裡活著出來。每到早晨,修道士就帶著棺材去給敢於在樓裡過夜的人收屍。」
好小子!帶著一盞燈、一瓶酒和一根香腸就去了。
半夜,他正坐在桌子旁吃著,從煙囪裡傳來了一個聲音:「我下來?」
小喬萬尼回答:「下來吧!」
從煙囪上掉下來一條人腿。小喬萬尼喝了一杯酒。
隨後那個聲音又說:「我下來?」
小喬萬尼說:「下來吧!」另一條腿也掉下來了。小喬萬尼咬了一口香腸。
「我下來?」
「下來吧!」掉下來一隻胳膊。小喬萬尼吹起口哨。
「我下來?」
「下來吧!」掉下來另一隻胳膊。
「我下來?」
「下來吧!」
掉下來一個身子,與胳膊、腿接在一起,連成一個沒有腦袋的人站立起來。
「我下來?」
「下來吧!」
腦袋掉了下來,蹦到了身子上。這是一個巨人,小喬萬尼舉起酒杯說:「為你的健康乾杯!」
巨人道「拿著燈,來。」
小喬萬尼拿起燈,但沒動。
「你在前邊走!」巨人說。
「你先走。」小喬萬尼說。
「你先走!」巨人說。
「你先走。」小喬萬尼說。
於是,巨人先動了,一間屋挨一間屋地穿過這幢樓,小喬萬尼跟在後邊照著亮。來到樓梯下的一間小屋,面前出現一扇小門。
「打開!」巨人對小喬萬尼說。
小喬萬尼說:「你去開!」
巨人對肩膀撞開門。裡邊有一個盤旋式的小樓梯。
「下去。」巨人說。
「你先下。」小喬萬尼說。
來到地下室,巨人指著地上的一塊石板:「搬起來!」
「你搬!」小喬萬尼說。巨人像捏小石子一樣搬走了石板。
下邊是三罐金幣。巨人說:「抬起來!」
「你抬!」小喬萬尼說。巨人一次一個地把它們抬了上來。
他們回到那個有煙囪的客廳,巨人說:「小喬萬尼,我的法力失靈了!」說著,一條腿卸了下來,踢上了煙囪。「這三罐金幣中的一罐給你,」說著,卸下來一隻胳膊,胳膊爬上了煙囪。「另一罐給那些來替你收屍的修道士,」另一隻胳膊卸了下來,跟著前邊那只爬上了煙囪。「第三罐金幣送給從這裡經過的第一個窮人,」另一條腿也卸了下來,巨人的身子坐在了地上。「這幢樓就歸你了,」巨人的身子也卸了下來,只剩下腦袋立在地上。「因為擁有這幢樓的那個家族的人永遠地消失了。」說完,巨人的腦袋升了起來,升上煙囪裡了。
天剛亮,就聽到有人在唱:上帝憐憫我們,上帝憐憫我們。正是那群教士帶著棺材來收小喬萬尼的屍首。他們看見小伙子正在窗口抽煙斗呢。
無畏的小喬萬尼有了那些金幣成了富人,他快樂地住在那幢樓裡。直到有一天,他僅僅因為一轉身,看見了自己的影子,被嚇死了。
DauntlessLittleJohn
TherewasoncealadwhomeveryonecalledDauntlessLittleJohn,sincehewasafraidofnothing.Travelingabouttheworld,hecametoaninn,whereheaskedforlodgings."Wehavenoroomhere,"saidtheinnkeeper,"butifyourenotafraid,Iwilldirectyoutoacertainpalacewhereyoucanstay."
"WhyshouldIbeafraid?"
"Peopleshudderatthethoughtofthatpalace,sincenobodywhosgoneinhascomeoutalive.Inthemorningthefriarsgoupwiththebierforanyonebraveenoughtospendthenightinside."
SowhatdidLittleJohndobutpickupalamp,abottle,andasausage,andmarchstraighttothepalace.
Atmidnighthewassittingatthetableeating,whenheheardavoiceinthechimney."ShallIthrowitdown?"
"Goahead!"repliedLittleJohn.
Downthechimneyintothefireplacefellamansleg.LittleJohndrankaglassofwine.
Thenthevoicespokeagain."ShallIthrowitdown?"
"Goahead!"Soanotherlegdroppedintothefireplace.LittleJohnbitintothesausage.
"ShallIthrowitdown?"
"Goahead!"Sodowncameanarm.LittleJohnbeganwhistlingatune.
"ShallIthrowitdown?"
"Byallmeans!"Andtherewasanotherarm.
"ShallIthrowitdown?"
"Yes!"
Thencamethetrunkofabody,andthearmsandlegsstuckontoit,andtherestoodamanwithoutahead.
"ShallIthrowitdown?"
"Throwitdown!"
Downcametheheadandsprangintoplaceatopthetrunk.Hewastrulyagiant,andLittleJohnraisedhisglassandsaid,"Toyourhealth!"
Thegiantsaid,"Takethelampandcomewithme."
LittleJohnpickedupthelamp,butdidntbudge.
"Yougofirst!"saidthegiant.
"No,afteryou,"insistedLittleJohn.
"Afteryou!"thunderedthegiant.
"Youleadtheway!"yelledLittleJohn.
Sothegiantwentfirst,withLittleJohnbehindhimlightingtheway,andtheywentthroughroomafterroomuntiltheyhadwalkedthewholelengthofthepalace.Beneathoneofthestaircaseswasasmalldoor.
"Openit!"orderedthegiant.
"Youopenit!"repliedLittleJohn.
Sothegiantshoveditopenwithhisshoulder.Therewasaspiralstaircase.
"Goondown,"directedthegiant.
"Afteryou,"answeredLittleJohn.
Theywentdownthestepsintoacellar,andthegiantpointedtoastoneslabontheground."Raisethat!"
"Youraiseit!"repliedLittleJohn,andthegiantlifteditasthoughitwereamerepebble.
Beneaththeslabtherewerethreepotsofgold."Carrythoseupstairs!"orderedthegiant.
"Youcarrythemup!"answeredLittleJohn.Andthegiantcarriedthemuponebyone.
Whentheywerebackinthehallwherethegreatfireplacewas,thegiantsaid,"LittleJohn,thespellhasbeenbroken!"Atthat,oneofhislegcameoffandkickeditswayupthechimney."Oneofthesepotsofgoldisforyou."Anarmcamelooseandclimbedupthechimney."Thesecondpotofgoldisforthefriarswhocometocarryawayyourbody,believingyouperished."Theotherarmcameoffandfollowedthefirst."Thethirdpotofgoldisforthefirstpoormanwhocomesby."Thentheotherlegdroppedoff,leavingthegiantseatedonthefloor."Keepthepalaceforyourself."Thetrunkseparatedfromtheheadandvanished."Theownersofthepalaceandtheirchildrenarenowgoneforever."Atthat,theheaddisappearedupthechimney.
Assoonasitwaslight,adirgearose:"Misereremei,misereremei."ThefriarshadcomewiththebiertocarryoffLittleJohnsbody.Buttherehestood,atthewindow,smokinghispipe!
DauntlessLittleJohnwasawealthyyouthindeedwithallthosegoldpieces,andhelivedhappilyinhispalace.Thenonedaywhatshouldhedobutlookbehindhimandseehisshadow:hewassofrightenedhedied.
NOTES:
"DauntlessLittleJohn"(Giovanninsenzapaura)
IbeginwithafolktaleforwhichIdonotindicate,incontrasttomyprocedureinalltheothertales,theparticularversionIfollowed.AstheversionsofitfromthevariousregionsofItalyareallquitesimilar,Iletmyselfbefreelyguidedbycommontradition.NotonlyforthatreasonhaveIputthistalefirst,butalsobecauseitisoneofthesimplestand,inmyview,oneofthemostbeautifulfolktales.
ItaliantraditionsharplydivergesfromtheGrimms"TaleofaBoyWhoSetOuttoLearnFear"(Grimmno.4)whichisnodoubtclosertomyno.80.ThetypeoftaleisofEuropeanoriginandnotfoundinAsia.
Thedisappearanceofthemanlimbbylimbisnottraditional,butapersonaltouchofmyown,tobalancehisarrivalpiecebypiece.ItookthefinishingstrokeoftheshadowfromaSieneseversion(DeGubernatis,22),anditismerelyasimplificationofthemorecommonending,whereLittleJohnisgivenasalveforfasteningheadsbackon.Hecutshisheadoffandputsitonagain——backward;thesightofhisrearendsohorrifieshimthathedropsdead.
Copyright:ItalianFolktalesSelectedandRetoldbyItaloCalvino,
translatedbyGeorgeMartin,
PantheonBooks,NewYork1980